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Description
Mouse IL-12 p70 ELISA KitProduct Specification Usage Need to bring your own test equipment 1. Microplate reader (can measure the absorption value of 450nm detection wavelength and 540nm or 570nm correction wavelength) 2. High precision liquid dispenser and disposable suction head 3. Distilled water or deionized water 4. Washing bottle (spray bottle), multi channel plate washer or automatic plate washer 5. 500mL cylinder One, preparation before the experiment 1. Sample
Product Specification
| Usage |
Need to bring your own test equipment 1. Microplate reader (can measure the absorption value of 450nm detection wavelength and 540nm or 570nm correction wavelength) 2. High precision liquid dispenser and disposable suction head 3. Distilled water or deionized water 4. Washing bottle (spray bottle), multi-channel plate washer or automatic plate washer 5. 500mL cylinder One, preparation before the experiment 1. Sample collection and storage ① Cell culture supernatant: particles should be removed by centrifugation; Test the sample immediately. If the sample is not tested in time after collection, it is recommended that the sample be divided according to the dosage and stored in the refrigerator at -20 ° C to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Samples may need to be diluted (1×) Dilute. ② Serum: Samples were collected using a serum separation tube (SST) and samples were left at room temperature for 30 minutes. The samples were centrifuged at 1000g for 15 min. Serum was immediately removed and tested immediately. If the sample is not tested in time after collection, it is recommended to repack according to a single dosage and freeze in ≤ -20℃ refrigerator to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Samples may need to be diluted (1×) Dilute. ③ Plasma: Plasma was collected using EDTA, heparin, or citric acid as an anticoagulant, centrifuged at 1000g for 15 min within 30 min of collection, and tested immediately. If the samples are not detected in time after collection, it is recommended to separate the samples according to the single dosage and freeze them in &le. -20℃ refrigerator to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Samples may need to be diluted (1×) Dilute. 2 Reagent preparation (Place all reagents and samples at room temperature for 15 minutes before use. It is recommended that all experimental samples and standards do double hole detection ) 1× Preparation of washing solution: concentrated washing solution in the kit is 20× Mother liquor, diluted to 1× with distilled water before use; Working liquid. Example: Take 10mL concentrated washing solution +190mL distilled water to 200mL, the actual operation can be calculated first, then make up. ②1× Dilution with buffer preparation: concentrate dilution in the kit with buffer 10× Mother liquor, diluted to 1× with distilled water before use; Working solution. example: Take 3mL of concentrated dilution with buffer +27mL of distilled water to a constant volume of 30mL. In practical operation, the required dilution buffer can be calculated according to the dilution multiple of the sample, and then the preparation can be made. ③ Detection of antibody: the dry powder was centrifuged to the bottom of the tube, and 110uL dilution buffer (1×) was used. Dissolve and let stand at room temperature for 5 minutes to obtain 100× Mother liquor; Dilute to 1× before use; Working solution. Calculate the desired volume by using 100uL per well. example: 10 Wells were used, then take 10uL of 100 times the working concentration of the test antibody, using dilution buffer (1×) Constant volume to 1mL, get 1mL of 1× The working concentration of the detected antibody. ④SA-HRP: SA-HRP is 40× Mother liquor, use dilution buffer before use (1×) Dilute to make 1× Working solution, 100uL required per well. example: used 10 holes, then take 25uL of 40× Mother liquor +975uL dilution buffer (1×) Constant volume to 1mL to obtain 1× of 1mL; The working concentration of the detected antibody. ⑤ Chromogenic agent: according to 100uL per well, calculate the amount needed for this test, take out the corresponding volume of chromogenic agent, avoid light; The removed chromogenic agent is only used on the same day. ⑥ Standards: lyophilized standards with dilution buffer (1×) Redissolve, redissolve volume 1000uL, to obtain a concentration of 2500pg/mL standard mother liquor. Gently shake for at least 5 minutes, it is fully dissolved. Add 300uL dilution buffer (1×) to each dilution tube. . The standard mother liquor is diluted according to the picture below, and each tube must be fully mixed before pipetting to the next tube. The standard mother liquor without dilution can be used as the highest point of the standard curve (2500pg/mL), dilute with buffer (1×) Can be used as the zero point of the standard curve (0pg/mL). 2, operation steps 1. Prepare all required reagents and standards; 2 Remove the microplate from the sealed bag that has been balanced to room temperature, and put the unused slat back into the aluminum foil bag and re-seal it; 3. Add 300uL washing solution to the microplate, let it soak for 30 seconds, discard the washing solution and pat the microplate dry on absorbent paper, please use immediately do not let the microplate dry; 4. Add different concentrations of standard, experimental samples or quality control into the corresponding Wells, 100uL for each well. The Wells were sealed with plate adhesive and incubated at room temperature for 2 hours. 5 Suck the liquid out of the plate and wash the plate using a bottle washer, a multi-channel plate washer, or an automatic plate washer. Add 300uL of washing liquid to each well, and then suck the washing liquid out of the plate. Repeat 3 times. Every time you wash the plate, try to absorb the residual liquid to help you get a good test result. At the end of the last plate wash, please blot all the liquid in the plate or invert the plate and pat all the residual liquid in the absorbent paper; 6. Add 100uL detection antibody to each microwell. Seal the reaction Wells with sealer tape and incubate for 2 hours at room temperature; 7. Repeat the plate washing operation of step 5; 8. Add 100 ULSA-HRP to each microwell and incubate for 20 minutes at room temperature. Be careful to avoid light; 9. Repeat step 5 to wash the plate; 10. Add 100uL of color development solution to each microwell, incubate at room temperature for 5-30 minutes, pay attention to avoid light; 11. Add 50uL of termination solution to each microwell, and the color of the solution in the well will change from blue to yellow. If the color of the solution turns green or the color change is inconsistent, tap the microplate to mix the solution evenly; 12. Within 30 minutes after the termination solution is added, the absorbance value at 450nm is measured using a microplate reader and 540nm or 570nm is set as the correction wavelength. If the dual wavelength correction is not used, the accuracy of the results may be affected; 13 Calculation results: The corrected absorbance values (OD450-OD540/OD570), the compound reading were averaged for each standard and sample, and then the average zero standard OD value was subtracted. Standard curves were created by 4-parameter logic (4-PL) curve fitting using computer software. Alternatively, a curve can be generated by plotting the logarithm of the concentration of the standard against the logarithm of the corresponding OD value, and the best fit line can be determined by regression analysis. This process produces an adequate but less accurate fit to the data. If the sample is diluted, the concentration should be multiplied by the dilution. Note: The standard curve data provided by are for reference only, and the sample content should be calculated according to the standard curve drawn in the same test. 3. Kit parameters 1. Recovery: Different levels of mouse IL-12 p70 were incorporated into the cell culture medium samples, and the recovery rate was determined. Recoveries ranged from 83 to 107%, with an average recovery of 93%. 2. Sensitivity: The minimum detectable dose (MDD) of murine IL-12 p70 was generally less than 2.24pg/mL. The lowest detectable value was calculated as the corresponding concentration based on the average of the zero absorbance values of 20 standard curves plus two standard deviations. 3. Correction: the ELISA kit by high purity recombinant e. coli expression correction by IL - 12 p70 protein in mice. 4. Linearity: Four different samples were mixed with high concentrations of mouse IL-12 p70, followed by dilution (1×). Linearity was determined by dilating the samples to within the detection range.
5. Specificity: the ELISA method to detect natural and restructuring IL - 12 p70 protein in mice. The following factors in diluent mixture 50 ng/mL (1 x) to detect the concentration of IL - 12 p70 cross reaction with mice. To the interference of 50 ng/mL factor added to the middle scope IL - 12 p70 reference substance in the restructuring of the mice, to detect the interference of IL - 12 p70 in mice. No significant cross-reactivity or interference was observed. The recombinant rat IL-12 p70 containing 1.25ng/mL had cross reactivity.
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| Theory | This kit with double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent detection technology. Specific anti mouse antibody of IL - 12 p70 pre package is on the high affinity enzyme label plate. After incubation, the IL-12 p70 in the sample was combined with the solid phase antibody and the detection antibody to form immune complexes. After washing to remove not combined with material, by adding horseradish peroxidase labeled chain mildew avidin (Streptavidin - HRP). After washing, adding chromogenic substrate, dark color. Join terminated liquid termination reaction, in the 450 - nm wavelength (reference calibration wavelength of 540 nm or 570 nm) determination of absorbance values. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Composition |
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| Background | Interleukin-12 (IL-12, also known as NKSF), a 70-75 kda heterodimer glycoprotein, belongs to the IL-12 heterodimer cytokine family. IL - 12 by 35 kda (p35) and 40 kda (p40) of two subunits, the two subunits by disulfide bond is linked together, no amino acid sequence homology between each other. The mature p35 subunit is 196 amino acids long, containing seven cysteines and a potential N-linked glycosylation site. Mature mouse p35 shares 63% and 86% amino acid identity with human and rat, respectively. Mature mice p40 subunits long 313 amino acids, including 13 cysteine and five potential glycosylation sites of N - connection. Some studies have reported that the p40 sequence is polymorphic, but this IL-12 p70 kit does not recognize these allelic products. mature mouse p40 has 72% and 93% amino acid identity with human and rat, respectively. Although p35 resembles a ligand for erythropoietin, p40 is more similar to the N-terminus of the erythropoietin receptor, with WSXWS domains, an immunoglobulin-like domain, and four conserved cysteines. This suggests that IL-12 may be a cytokine receptor mimetic, similar to the IL-6/ soluble IL-6R complex. It is worth noting that the p40 can exist in the form of monomer or homologous dimers, but never found p35 monomer form. p40 is the larger of the two subunits of interleukin 23 (IL-23). Although IL-12 has long been considered a secretory molecule, membrane-bound IL-12 has also been found in human and mouse cells. Il-12-producing cells include macrophages, dendritic cells, monocytes, Langerhans cells, neutrophils, keratinocytes, plasmacytoid dendritic cells, microglia, CD8+DC (mouse cells only), and non-germinal center (CD38-CD44+) B cells (human cells only). The high-affinity receptor for mouse IL-12 is composed of at least two type I transmembrane glycoproteins, similar to members of the cytokine receptor superfamily. Beta 1 first subunits (R) of 100 kda, with Kd = 1 nm and IL - 12. This receptor is the primary binding site for the p40 subunit; The second subunit (Rβ2) is 130kDa and has no amino acid homology with the Rβ1 subunit. The receptor is an important part of signal transduction, as a disulfide bond connected p30 - p40 dimers attachment points. As mentioned above, mouse p40 exists as a monomeric, dimeric form, and binds either at p35 to form IL-12 or at p19 to form IL-23. Both homodimer p40 and IL-23 can bind IL-12R and act as antagonists that do not transmit signals. Alternatively, p40 homodimer can also bind to Rβ1 and activate microglia and macrophages. Functionally, IL-12 has been shown to enhance cytotoxicity and induce interferon-γ production by NK cells, T cells, and dendritic epidermal T cells. It has been reported that IL-12 can induce the production of interferon-γ by macrophages. Together with its IL-12 family members such as IL-23 and IL-27, IL-12 can promote the progression of CD4+ Th1-type immune responses. In response to infection, IL-27 is secreted first to promote the excess of TH0 to THR0/1, followed by IL-12 secretion to generate Th1 effector cells. "Production together with IL-18 and IL-12 transforms effector cells into Th1 memory cells, which are then activated by IL-23." |
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| General Notes | 1. Please use the kit within the validity period. 2. Components of different kits and different batch kits should not be mixed. 3. If the sample value is greater than the highest value of the standard curve, the sample should be diluted with (1×) The samples were diluted and retested. "If the cell culture supernatant sample needs to be diluted in a distributed manner, cell culture medium may be used for intermediate dilutions, except for the last step when diluent is used." 4. The difference of the test results can be caused by a variety of factors, including the operation of the experimenter, the use of the pipettor, the washing technique, the reaction time or temperature, the storage of the kit, etc. 5. The termination solution in the kit is acidic. Please protect your glasses, hands, face and clothes when using it. 6. For scientific research only, not for in vitro diagnosis. |
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| Storage Temp. | Unopened kits were stored at 2-8 ° C. |
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| Test Range | 39.06pg/mL-2500pg/mL |
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4.1 ★★★★★
Based on 16 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 4
The series as a whole so far 5/25
Format: Kindle
I read reviews before going into this book and I don't agree with one of the more harsh ones on the main trigger she had. It is stated clearly in the forward and it wasn't as blase as it was made out to be. It definitely is touched on more and hasn't just been brushed off as the series goes
I definitely would recommend reading it. It's a good series just be for-warned
I like the series as a whole. The characters are awesome I adore the fmc shes cute and adorable but also a badass. Though there are a bunch of holes for her that I feel like just got left out.
The guys are interesting and shout out to yall for not making Gage a dragon. I'm tired of the broody ones who don't wanna talk aboit what they are being Dragons. Ki is my favorite
You can definitely tell if is written by 2 different people though because the phrasing just doesn't match up and wouldn't be something people that age says. And it flip flops between them.
I feel like there's substance without substance. We are 4 books in and we don't really know much back story on literally anyone more than right under surface deep.
There are definitely favorite MMCs which is kind of disappointing since some get shoved to the wayside. Specifically both of the best friends. They're basically useless and it's made obvious as the books go on. As well as all the men are ungodly self deprecating.
I enjoy the plot line for the most part like I said I enjoy the series its different and refreshing.
I do feel like the series is being dragged out though unfortunately. And the latest cliff hanger was just meh. So hopefully the next book is the last one.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on May 8, 2025
★★★★★ 5
Wow!
Format: Kindle
This book was awesome! Seraphina and her family have moved to a new town. Her family is a bit... odd. She grew up learning how to protect herself from people who might hurt her. Bloodshed is a daily occurrence with her brothers and parents during their practice sessions, and it’s all fun and games unless you need to hide a body.
Sera’s family is very close, and she’s been homeschooled most of her life. But in this new town she is going to start regular school as a senior at the local high school. Unfortunately, things at her school aren’t all they seem to be. Or perhaps more than they seem to be. Sera has her own demons to deal with, and she’s terrified her new friends will learn about her weird family and other issues and drop her like a rock. It turns out they have their own secrets as well.
This story ends on a bit of a cliffhanger and I can’t wait to read the next one! This book is well written and well edited. The heroine is spunky and has a great heart and wicked sense of humor.
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Reviewed in the United States on November 12, 2021
★★★★★ 5
Great start
Format: Kindle
I loved this book! It's funny but still deals with tough themes, like chronic illness, a serial killer on the loose, and a dash of self-harm. The guys are interesting and distinct, we don't know too much about them yet. It does end on a really terrible cliffhanger but on the bright side the next book is out and I believe the series is complete. I have enjoyed both of these authors separately and this is a great team up!
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Reviewed in the United States on May 2, 2025
★★★★★ 4
Fudge!
Format: Kindle
Titles aren’t my strong suit. Sorry not sorry.
That ending has me completely frustrated book two isn’t out yet. Just throwing that out there.
First thing first, this is a high school book where the lead is under 18. Yea yea she’s about month from being an adult, but I can’t say I would’ve even opened the file if I’d realized. It’s not a smut fest or anything, but there is sexual tension as each party figures out their emotions.
That being said, it’s a good book. There are some troubling parts, like how the supes come into their powers at 13, but most of those are dealt with in a way that makes sense. Kian is the exception. His whole arc pisses me off, especially since no one stepped in. Reflecting back on real world situations, ten or so years ago, I can see it happening, but it still makes me sick. Which, I’m sure was the whole damn point.
For the most part, Courting Darkness is a fun read. I found myself laughing along with most of the set up. By the time it started getting serious, I’d grown to like the characters enough it held an impact.
I’ll be adding book two to my list for when it comes out.
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Reviewed in the United States on March 8, 2022
★★★★★ 5
Intriguing
Format: Kindle
An intriguing story that played out slowly while introducing some unique characters. The story became quite fascinating to read as these same characters provided startling revelations to their lives. As their relationships evolve, more drama and mystery is revealed adding to my fascination. I can’t wait to read more.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on May 27, 2026
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