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Description
Rat TNF-α ELISA KitProduct Specification Species Reactivity Rat Theory This kit adopts double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent detection technology. Specific anti rat TNF antibodies were pre coated on high affinity enzyme plates. The standard substance, the sample to be tested and the biotinylated detection antibody are added to the well of the enzyme label plate, and after incubation, TNF present in the sample binds to the solid phase antibody and the
Product Specification
| Species Reactivity | Rat | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Theory | This kit adopts double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent detection technology. Specific anti-rat TNF-α antibodies were pre-coated on high affinity enzyme plates. The standard substance, the sample to be tested and the biotinylated detection antibody are added to the well of the enzyme label plate, and after incubation, TNF-α present in the sample binds to the solid phase antibody and the detection antibody to form an immune complex. After washing to remove unbound material, horseradish peroxidase-labeled Streptavidin-HRP was added. After washing, a chromogenic substrate is added to protect the color from light. A stop solution was added to stop the reaction, and the absorbance value was measured at a wavelength of 450 nm (reference calibration wavelength of 540 nm or 570 nm). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Composition |
Please use it within the validity period of the kit (new and old products are shipped randomly)
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| Background | Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), also known as cachectin and TNFSF1A, is the prototype ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, immune system development, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism. TNF-α is also implicated in a number of pathological conditions, including asthma, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, neuropathic pain, obesity, type 2 diabetes, septic shock, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. Rat TNF-alpha is a 26kDa type II transmembrane protein, which consists of a 35 amino acid (aa) cytoplasmic domain, a 21 aa transmembrane fragment, and a 156 aa extracellular domain (ECD). In ECD, rat TNF-alpha has 95% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and 73%-79% amino acid sequence identity with bovine, canine, cotton rat, horse, cat, human, macaque, and pig TNF-alpha. It is produced by a variety of immune cells, epithelial cells, endothelial cells and tumor cells. TNF-α assembles intracellularly to form non-covalently linked homotrimers expressed on the cell surface. Cell surface TNF-α can not only induce lysis of tumor cells and virus-infected cells, but also produce its own downstream cell signaling after ligation through soluble TNFRI. TACE/ADAM17 releases membrane-bound TNF-α to release a bioactive cytokine, which is a 55 kDa soluble trimer of the extracellular domain of TNF-α. TNF-α binds to the ubiquitous 55-60 kDa TNFRI and the hematopoietic cell-restricted 78-80 kDa TNFRII, both of which are also expressed as homotrimers. Both type I and type II receptors bind TNF-α with comparable affinity and can promote NFκB activation. However, only TNF RI contains a cytoplasmic death domain, which triggers the activation of apoptosis. Soluble forms of both types of receptors are released into human serum and urine and can neutralize the biological activity of TNF-α. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Notes | 1. Please use the kit within the validity period. 2. The components of different kits and different batch kits cannot be mixed. 3. If the sample value is greater than the highest value of the standard curve, the sample should be diluted with diluent (1 ×) and re-tested; If the cell culture supernatant sample needs to be distributed and diluted, cell culture medium can be used for other intermediate dilutions except dilution with diluent (1 ×) in the last step. 4. Differences in test results can be caused by a variety of factors, including the operation of the experimenter, the use of the pipette, the plate washing technique, the reaction time or temperature, the storage of the kit, etc. 5. The terminating solution in the kit is an acidic solution. Please protect your glasses, hands, face and clothes when using it. 6. For scientific research only, not for in vitro diagnosis. |
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| Storage Temp. | Kit unopened, stored at 2-8 °C. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Test Range | 62.5pg/mL-4000pg/mL |
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4.3 ★★★★★
Based on 11 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Great chew toy
Color: Blue
I bought this almost a year go. My dog is still chewing on it! Nothing last this long with her. She is a 100lb Rottweiler that is a strong chewer.
WAS THIS REVIEW HELPFUL?YesReportShare
Reviewed in the United States on June 12, 2026
★★★★★ 4
Well loved
Color: Blue, Color: Blue
We just got this sweet girl from the shelter a few days ago. She's had this toy for 2 days and already chomped off one of the legs. She does have other toys so she doesn't play with this one all the time but she does like it a lot! It's very hard and durable on the ends. But as you can see, it's not indestructible. She carries this little guy around the house like they're BFFs. It's super adorable.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 21, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Happy hound!
Color: Yellow, Color: Yellow
My 2 yr old bloodhound destroys every toy in minutes, but not this one. My husband and I actually buy toys to see how long they last for fun. Although the croc is NOT indestructible, it lasts a whole lot longer than most. After an hr or so, I took away the only piece he's chewed off which is part of the back leg. Otherwise nothing else is missing off the croc. Our boy has been very occupied with this new toy and we're satisfied with his new distraction!
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Reviewed in the United States on May 29, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Definitely a tough toy
Color: Blue
This is one of the few toys my
Boxer/american bulldog mix hasn’t been able to tear apart. He loves chewing on it and I love that he doesn’t chew on stuff he shouldn’t.
I have such an issue with toys being torn apart the day I bring them home. I wish there was a safe way for it to have a squeaker since he loves squeakers but I don’t think that is possible.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 18, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Croc-sational
Color: Blue
My tough chewer is OBSESSED with Croc. Stands up well, small particles occasionally come off but this beats going thru 3 stuffies in an hour. Good value, easy to clean and great for our 91lb pitty
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Reviewed in the United States on May 18, 2026
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